- Esmin Green at Kings County Memorial Hospital in Brooklyn in 2008.
- Angel Arce Torres in Hartford, CT in 2008.
- Jayna Murray in Bethesda, MD in 2011.
- Ilan Halimi in Paris, France in 2006.
- Raymond Zack in Alameda, CA in 2011.
- Axel Casian in Turlock, CA in 2008.
- Shanda Sharer in Madison, IN in 2009.
- Bonnie Bush in Manhattan in 1978.
- Andrew Mormille in Brooklyn NY in 1965.
- Baby Wang Yue in Foshan, China in 2011.
- James Patrick Bulger, age 2, in Liverpool, UK in 1992.
Common yet unique. Thanks to Thirty-eight witnesses in 1964, we quickly learnt that the Genovese tragedy was not unique, but probably occurs daily-—people injured in front of inactive witnesses. Behavioral science has identified and probed examples of the "Kitty Genovese syndrome"—like the infamous 1984 "New Bedford bar-room rape," or the needless death of homeless hero Hugo Tale-Yax in Jamaica, NY in 2010, and other tragedies of bystander inaction across places and years:
15 Comments
1. Read the experiment. On as separate sheet of paper fill in the details for the scientific method.
Link: https://explorable.com/bobo-doll-experiment Intro: Hypothesis: Experiment: Results: Conclusion: 2. Read: It's Kind of a Funny Story 3. Friday: We will review in class Stanley Milgram experiment & take assessment. Use quizlet flashcards to review. https://quizlet.com/330885062/flashcards 4. Article: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-big-questions/201111/children-learn-aggression-parents Do you agree or disagree with the article above? When would you stop shocking someone and disobey the experimenter?
When would others stop shocking someone and disobey the experimenter? Link: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/darwins-subterranean-world/201509/what-would-you-have-done-in-milgram-s-experiment Eyewitness Testimony:
An interesting paper in the October, 2012 issue of Psychological Science by Neil Brewer, Nathan Weber, David Wootton, and Stephen Lindsay explores the lineup procedure in more detail. As they point out, a key problem with most current procedures is that eyewitnesses are allowed to take as much time as they want to identify potential criminals. That seems reasonable, but the extra time allows people to add all sorts of other criteria to their deliberations about the faces. For example, they might worry that picking a particular person would make it more like that person would be convicted, which might make them more conservative in their judgments. To try to improve eyewitness identification, the authors tried a different procedure in which eyewitnesses see a set of pictures for 3 seconds each. After seeing the face for 2 seconds, they must rate their confidence that they recognize the face in the next second, using a sale ranging from 0% confident to 100% confident (in 10% increments). So, people are making very fast judgments about confidence. In three studies, participants watched a few videos of events, and then were asked to identify the person they saw after a delay. In two studies, the delay was five minutes. In the third study, the delay was a week. Some participants did a more traditional picture lineup in which they saw a series of 12 pictures for as long as they liked and after each picture they responded whether that picture was the person they had seen earlier. Other participants used the speeded confidence procedure I just described with 12 pictures. In each case, one picture showed the person from the video and the other 11 were pictures that fit the same general description of the person from the video. In the speeded confidence procedure, if there was one face that people rated with more confidence than the rest, that was taken as a selection of that person. If there was a tie between two or more faces, then that was interpreted as a lineup in which no face was recognized as having been in the video. In each of the studies, participants were more accurate at identifying the person from the video using the speeded confidence procedure than using the traditional lineup. Indeed, when the delay was one week, participants were about 66% more accurate using the speeded procedure than when using the lineup. Looking at the data more carefully, there are particular patterns of judgments in this task that indicate that someone recognizes a face. In particular, when there is a big difference in the confidence rating of one face relative to all of the others, then people are highly accurate in identifying a person. When there is only a small difference between the rating of one face compared to the others, people were not accurate. Clearly, this procedure requires more testing. However, this technique has real promise. It seems that getting people to make fast judgments of recognition prevents them from overthinking the choice. One reason why more work is needed, though, is that being the victim of a crime or seeing an actual crime occur is stressful. It is not clear how this stress affects the kinds of judgments required in this lineup procedure. And who knows, someday when you are watching a police drama on television, this might be the kind of lineup you see being used. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/mental-mishaps/201110/executing-the-innocent-eyewitness-memory-errors-lead-injustice
Please complete the document. Read next 2 chapters: "Its Kind of a Funny Story"
Link:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/rewired-the-psychology-technology/201606/are-we-all-becoming-pavlov-s-dogs Link:
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/are-elite-athletes-born-or-made/ Psy Today:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/199209/neurotransmitter-the-90s |
AuthorMr. E Archives
January 2019
Categories |